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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βyrgajem | om βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
| 2SG: | βyrgajet | ot βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
| 3SG: | βyrgaja | ok/ogeʃ βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
| 1PL: | βyrgajena | ona/ogəna βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
| 2PL: | βyrgajeda | oda/ogəda βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
| 3PL: | βyrgajat | ogət βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βyrgajəʃəm | ʃəm βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
| 2SG: | βyrgajəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
| 3SG: | βyrgajəʃ | əʃ βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
| 1PL: | βyrgajəʃna | əʃna βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
| 2PL: | βyrgajəʃda | əʃda βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
| 3PL: | βyrgajəʃt | əʃt βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βyrgajenam | βyrgajen oməl |
| 2SG: | βyrgajenat | βyrgajen otəl |
| 3SG: | βyrgajen | βyrgajen ogəl |
| 1PL: | βyrgajenːa | βyrgajen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | βyrgajenda | βyrgajen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | βyrgajenət | βyrgajen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βyrgajem əʎe | om βyrgaje/βyrgaj əʎe |
| 2SG: | βyrgajet əʎe | ot βyrgaje/βyrgaj əʎe |
| 3SG: | βyrgaja əʎe | ok/ogeʃ βyrgaje/βyrgaj əʎe |
| 1PL: | βyrgajena əʎe | ona/ogəna βyrgaje/βyrgaj əʎe |
| 2PL: | βyrgajeda əʎe | oda/ogəda βyrgaje/βyrgaj əʎe |
| 3PL: | βyrgajat əʎe | ogət βyrgaje/βyrgaj əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βyrgajem ulmaʃ | om βyrgaje/βyrgaj ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | βyrgajet ulmaʃ | ot βyrgaje/βyrgaj ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | βyrgaja ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ βyrgaje/βyrgaj ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | βyrgajena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna βyrgaje/βyrgaj ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | βyrgajeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda βyrgaje/βyrgaj ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | βyrgajat ulmaʃ | ogət βyrgaje/βyrgaj ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βyrgajenam əʎe | βyrgajen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | βyrgajenat əʎe | βyrgajen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | βyrgajen əʎe | βyrgajen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | βyrgajenːa əʎe | βyrgajen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | βyrgajenda əʎe | βyrgajen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | βyrgajen əʎe | βyrgajen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βyrgajenam ulmaʃ | βyrgajen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | βyrgajenat ulmaʃ | βyrgajen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | βyrgajen ulmaʃ | βyrgajen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | βyrgajenːa ulmaʃ | βyrgajen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | βyrgajenda ulmaʃ | βyrgajen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | βyrgajen ulmaʃ | βyrgajen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βyrgaje/βyrgaj | it βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
| 3SG: | βyrgajəʒe | ənʒe βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
| 1PL: | (βyrgajena) | (ona/ogəna βyrgaje/βyrgaj) |
| 2PL: | βyrgajəza | ida βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
| 3PL: | βyrgajəʃt | ənəʃt βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βyrgajənem | ənem βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
| 2SG: | βyrgajənet | ənet βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
| 3SG: | βyrgajəneʒe | əneʒ βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
| 1PL: | βyrgajənena | ənena βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
| 2PL: | βyrgajəneda | əneda βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
| 3PL: | βyrgajəneʃt | əneʃt βyrgaje/βyrgaj |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βyrgajənem əʎe | ənem βyrgaje/βyrgaj əʎe |
| 2SG: | βyrgajənena əʎe | ənet βyrgaje/βyrgaj əʎe |
| 3SG: | βyrgajəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ βyrgaje/βyrgaj əʎe |
| 1PL: | βyrgajənena əʎe | ənena βyrgaje/βyrgaj əʎe |
| 2PL: | βyrgajəneda əʎe | əneda βyrgaje/βyrgaj əʎe |
| 3PL: | βyrgajəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt βyrgaje/βyrgaj əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βyrgajənet ulmaʃ | ənet βyrgaje/βyrgaj ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | βyrgajəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ βyrgaje/βyrgaj ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | βyrgajəneda ulmaʃ | əneda βyrgaje/βyrgaj ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | βyrgajəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt βyrgaje/βyrgaj ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | βyrgajaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | βyrgajəman |
| Active participle: | βyrgajəʃe |
| Passive participle: | βyrgajəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | βyrgajəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | βyrgajədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | βyrgajen |
| Negative gerund: | βyrgajəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | βyrgajəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | βyrgajəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | βyrgajəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | βyrgajəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | βyrgajədəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||